Children with Surgery

The refresh points out the explore to date on the subject of the present bea, and some of the theories ass it. Although there nonplus been no previous studies on children undergoing some(prenominal) minor and major surgeries in the one study, whether or non this will add in allthing to the intimacy gained from separate studies of children undergoing one or other type of surgery is doubtful. The present study may shed some new light on how the ii types of surgery affect children differently, and on whether contend burn be predicted from knowing their attention focal point, which may help doctors and parents prepare children for surgery. The polish up does non end with a synopsis of the state-of-the-art intimacy on the subject. There are no quotes in the review of the literature, and none are needed.

III. revue of Conceptual Framework. There is no explicit theoretical or conceptual framework for this study (LaMontagne, Hepworth and Cohen, 2000, 245-252). It is simply observing facts, and using them to extend current knowledge on the subject. The absence of an explicit framework does not take away from the significance of the paper. No conceptual definitions of the concepts are given over because they are not needed. No theories were tendered in this paper. Phenomena were studied, but no expectations were stated, and no theories to explain expected findings were given.

IV. Critique of Hypothesis. No hypothesis was u

sed for this study (LaMontagne, Hepworth and Cohen, 2000, 245-252). The researchers merely wanted to keep an eye on if there was a differential effect in coping strategies between children undergoing minor and major surgery, and whether better predictions of coping could be made if the child's attention focus was known. They made no predictions of any differences, or the effects of attention focus. No hypothesis was needed.

VII. Critique of Measurement. The methods used to obtain the data for this study employed meter questionnaires which have been previously verified (LaMontagne, Hepworth and Cohen, 2000, 245-252).

The Preoperative Mode of heading Interview: Avoidant-Vigilant Dimension is designed to measure avoidant-vigilant coping in adult surgical patients. Whether or not it is appropriate for children is not mentioned. The Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children has been assessed for reliability and validity in more than 1,000 elementary and high school students in quartet communities. No reliability or validity data is given for the Parent-Doctor Information Interview. Worry was assessed in children by asking them and having them hear their level of worry as "not at all" to "a lot." Reliability of this data was determined by two independent raters who evaluated a 40 percent random archetype of responses. No mention is made of who conducted the interviews or who rated questionnaires, or tier of worry.

VIII. Critique of Analysis. The data from this study was analyzed adequately statistically (LaMontagne, Hepworth and Cohen, 2000, 245-252). The statistics describe the major characteristics of the data set of the study. Regression compend was used to assess whether the type of surgery, minor or major, would have a differential effect on coping, and whether coping can better be predicted if it is known what type of attention focus the child has. The statistics used were appropriate for the type of data generated in this study be
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