PH 221 Ethics and Society
July 23, 2012
Epperson, David G.
There are umpteen varied views regarding animal rights. I will touch on the views of functionals, animal rights advocates, theists, animal liberationists, and environmentalists. Are we justified in utilise nonhuman animals for research that may help us humans, or is this wrongful and cruel?
Sentience
Sentience is the key to the ethical precondition of animals, Utilitarian view Jeremy Bentham wrote that to know the ethical status of animals we need non to ask if they can speak, but only whether or not they can suffer ( Makinnon). Because of their Sentience there are laws that protect animals from cruelty. Besides feeling pleasure and pain many animals probably also feel other types of emotions like hero-worship and anger. Consider animals used for entertainment for example in circuses, rodeos, and zoos, not only are the animals abused by trainers they suffer from uttermost(a) loneliness, boredom and frustration from being locked in tiny cages calendar month after month ( Makinnon).
Animal Experimentation
Learned helplessness-supposedly a model of depression in human beings. In 1953 R. Solomon, L. Kamin, and L.
Wynne, experimenters at Harvard University, placed forty dogs in a device called a shuttle box, which consists of a box divided into two compartments, unconnected by a barrier. Initially the barrier was set at the height of the dogs back. Hundreds of intense electric traumatizes were delivered to the dogs feet with a grid stand. At first the dogs could escape the shock if they learned to get down the barrier into the other compartment. In an assay to discourage one dog from jumping, the experimenters forced the dog to jump one hundred times onto a grid floor in the other compartment that also delivered a shock to the dogs feet. They state that as the dog jumped he gave a sharp prevenient yip which turned into a yelp when he land on the electrified...If you want to get a full essay, aver it on our website: Orderessay
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