Phobias and Addictions

Running Head: PHOBIAS AND ADDICTIONS








Phobias and Addictions Paper
Psych 300
November 25, 2012
Phobias and Addictions
Phobias and addictions plague the human mind, creating quality of vivification issues. Estimates state that 12.5 percent of the population will cope with a phobic dis regularise at some point in their lives (D Angelo, 2012). consort to psychological models, Addiction is mode do-nothinged by a number of be psychological factors such as emotion, attention, learning, and memory (Millar, 2011, Approaches to Understanding Addiction, para. 2). Whether phobia or addiction, most agree that these behaviours come about as a result of learned conditioning, such as chaste and operant conditioning.
Phobias and definitive Conditioning
Authors Scemes, Wielenska, Savoia, and Bernik (2009) explain that one learns phobic demeanor patterns through classical and operant conditioning mechanisms. Author McLeod (2008, 2012) explains that, Classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association (Classical Conditioning Examples, para. 1). In other words, linking deuce stimuli produces a new learned response in the individual or animal. The Little Albert experiment shows how classical conditioning direct to a dope phobia in a bittie nestling.



The experiment began when the child was only nine months old. Behaviorist outhouse B. Watson and graduate student Rosalie Raynor (1920) believed they could instill a fear of rats in the child by teaching the child to associate the rat with a loud clanging noise which startled the child. The child would then associate the startling noise with the rat, and cry whenever presented with the rat expecting the loud scary noise. Author McLeod (2008, 2012) explains further:
When Little Albert was bonny over 11 months old the white rat was presented and seconds after the hammer was struck against the steel bar.  This was done 7 time over the next 7 weeks and each time little Albert burst into...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay



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