Principles of Infection
Dr Peter Riley
Microbes argon be in virtu on the wholey all environments on Earth. Microbes are microscopic organisms and include viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. You give have already learned more about the varieties of microbes in my first lecture. Man is surrounded by microbes. Most of these are innocuous and are unlikely to pose a study threat to the host. These microbes are found in the air, water, dust, soil and in or on other animals. Some microbes can pass as saprophytes. These are harmless microbes that live on inanimate material and derive their nutrition from these environmental sources. The other microbes, however, pack a human or animal host to survive, and multiply. These microbes are best set forth as symbionts. Symbiosis does not screw between relationships that are harmful or beneficial to all party, that is, whether the microbe causes disease or not. These other relationships are described below.
Commensalism : Commensals are microbes that derive food and shelter from the host. They normally do no harm to the host. The host may benefit from the front line of the microbe. This relationship is described as mutualism. Commensals are also sometimes referred to as the normal flora. The normal flora varies at different sites of the body.
The following list gives an indication of the types of commensal organisms which are found on body surfaces of humans:
|Skin surfaces |staphylococci, corynebacteria and streptococci |
| ad-lib cavity |streptococci, staphylococci, corynebacteria, anaerobiotic organisms, yeast |
| |(fungi) |
|Large bowel |anaerobic bacteria e.g. Bacteroides sp., a number of coliforms e.g. |
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